In June-July 2019, we went to India during summer vacation. With blessings from near and dear and support from immediate family, we were able to perform the upanayana of our son Vismai in the serene, spiritual place of Sringeri, where my mother, brother and family reside currently. The divine sannidhi of Sri Sharadamba, Sri Chandramouleshwara and the Guru parampara of Sringeri Shankara Mutt are close to heart of our family. My father never used to forego the opportunity to visit this place, and we used to accompany him when possible. I feel we were able to celebrate his life by performing the upanayana in the picturesque Sringeri.
Once we returned from India, I have tried to religiously follow the daily Sandhyavandana rituals, partly to also help my son Vismai to learn and make it a habit to continue chanting the Gayathri mantra. This gives us peace of mind and confidence to go about our daily activities. Looking back, I feel sad to notice I was not an obedient son, when my father suggested to do these daily rituals and nitya prarthana when I was young. As some other posts in this blog indicate, Manjaiah mestru was very punctual in daily prayers.
I also remember, my father had asked me to daily practice the recitation of Gayathri Maha Mantra, which is a very elaborate form of the Gayathri mantra we are all familiar with.
Om bhuh om bhuvah om suvah om mahah om janah
Om tapah om satyam om tatsavitur varenyam
bhargo devasya dheemahi dhiyo yo nah prachodayat||
1.Tat 2.Sa 3.Vi 4.Tur 5.Va 6.Re 7.Ni 8.Yum
9.Bha 10.Rgo 11.De 12.Va 13.Sya 14.Dhee 15.Ma 16.Hi
17.Dhee 18.Yo 19.Yo 20.Nah 21.Pra 22.Cho 23.Da 24.Yat
I have seen the original printed document he showed me and used regularly from more than 50 years ago which contained the text. At this point I don’t have more information about the origins of this maha mantra. The maha mantra (again in Sanskrit) identifies the rishi who added the mantra, the adhi devata, the chandas (meter of the mantra), the phala (benefit of the mantra) etc etc.. as shown in the table below: – (please scroll left-right to view the complete table).
Note | Kaara | Rishi | Devata | Chandas | Varna | Tatva | Shakti | Mudra | Kala | Phala | Beeja | Svara | Svarupa | Sthaana | Siddhi |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1.Tat | Tat | Vasistha | Agni | Gayathri | Champaka | Prithvi | Prahladini | Sumukham | Tapani | Mokshadam | Aam | Udatta | Trimurthy atmaka | Padaa angustha | Agnanadosa hara |
2.Sa | Tsa | Bharadvaja | Vaayu | Ushnik | Asita | Aap | Prabha | Samputam | Sakala | Arogyadam | Eem | Anudaatta | Vayvatmaka | Gulma madhyam | Upapataka harana |
3.Vi | Vi | Gauthama | Soma | Anushtup | Vidruma | Teja | Sathya | Vitatam | Vishvaa | Aishvaryadam | Oom | Anudaatta | Somatmaka | Jangha | Mahapataka harana |
4.Tur | Tu | Bhrugu | Eeshana | Brihatee | Spatika | Vayu | Vishva bhadra | Vistrutam | Tushta | Dhanadam | JOm | Udaatta | Vidyadharatmaka | Jaanu | Dusthagraha Doshaharana |
5.Va | Rva | Kaundinya | Aditya | Pankthi | Padma | Akasha | Vilasini | Dvimukham | Varada | Kamadam | Nyam | Udatta | Somatmaka | Ooru | Bhroona hatya dosha vinasha |
6.Re | Re | Lohita | Brihaspati | Trishtup | Tarunaditya | Gandha | Prabhavati | Trimukham | Revati | Vidyadam | Im | Udatta | Taruna atmakam | Guhyam | Agamyagamana doshanashana |
7.Ni | Ni | Garga | Pitaro | Jagathi | Shanka | Rasaa | Jaya | Chatur mukham | Sookshma | Kamadam | Aum | Svaritah | Brihaspati atmaka | Vrishana | Abhakshya bhakshana doshavinasha |
8.Yam | Yam | Shatatapa | Bhargo | Atijagati | Kunda | Roopaa | Shantaa | Pancha mukham | Jnana | Dhanadam | Sam | Prayacha | Chandra atmaka | kati | Brahmahatya doshavinasha |
9.Bha | Bha | Sanat kumara | Aaryama | Pada pankti | Indu | Sparsha | Kali | Shan mukham | Bharga | Santati | Ham | Udatta | Parjanya atmaka | Nabhi | Purushahatya doshavinasha |
10.Rgo | Rgo | Kashyapa | Savita | Vishtara pankti | Pravala | Shabda | Durga | Adho mukham | Gomathi | Abhistidam | Lam | Svaritah | Indra atmakam | Udaram | Gohatya krita papavinasha |
11.De | De | Atri | Tvastha | Virata | Padma | Upastha | Sarasvathi | Vyapika anjalika | Darvika | Istha kanyadam | Ksham | Anudaatta | Gandharva atmaka | Stanam | Stree hatya krita paapa vinasha |
12.Va | Va | Bhargava | Pushti | Akshara pankti | Padmaraga | Vayu | Vidruma | Shakatam | Vara | Shanti | Kam | Udaatta | Pusha atmaka | Hridayam | Guru hatya krita paapa vinasha |
13.Sya | Sya | Parashara | Indra | Katyayini | Vajra | Paadaa | Vishala | Yama paasham | Siddhanta | Chintita siddhidam | Kham | Svaritah | Mitra atmaka | Kantham | Manokrita paapa vinashane |
14.Dhee | Dhee | Pundarika | Vayu | Jotishmati | Chandra | Pani | Eeshani | Grathitham | Dhyana | Keerthi dayakam | Gam | Anudaatta | Tvashtra atmakam | Vadanam | Pitru maatru vadha krita paapa vinasha |
15.Ma | Ma | Krathu | Vamadeva | Trishtup | Mauktika | Vaak | Vyapani | Sanmukha unmukha | Maryada | Saubhagyadam | Gham | Anudatta | Vasuva atmaka | Tala madhyam | Purva janma arjita papa vinasha |
16.Hi | Hi | Daksha prajapati | Mitra varuna | Jagaritham | Kumkuma | Praana | Vimala | Pralambham | Spata | Aphisthida siddhidam | Ngam | Anudaatta | Maruda atmaka | Nasa agram | Ashesha paapa vinasha |
17.Dhee | Dhee | Angirasa | Dhidhata | Jagati | Anjana | Jihva | Tama upaharini | Mushtikam | Buddhi | Trailokya mohakaram | Cham | Udatta | Soma atmaka | Netram | Prani vadha krita papa vinashana |
18.Yo | Yo | Kartikeya | Vishva devar | Samyu | Ganga | Chakshu | Sookshma | Matsya | Yogamaata | Parashraya ghanat | CHam | Svaritah | Yamatmaka | Bhroo madhyam | Pratigraha paapa vinasha |
19.Yo | Yo | Mudgala | Vishnu | Mahah | Vaidhoorya | Tvak | Vishva yoni | Koorma | Yogantara | Deva prati graha doshanat | Jam | Udatta | Vishve deva atmakam | Lalatam | Sarva paapa vinashan |
20.Nah | Na | Ushana | Vasavo | Bhoo | Kshadra | Shotra | Jayavah | Varahakam | Prithvi | Taillokadam | JHam | Anudaatta | Ashvini atmaka | Paschima mukham | Eeshvara pada praptyarthe viniyoga |
21.Pra | Pra | Romasha | Sarva daivatvam | Bhavah | Haridra | Mana | Padma alya | Simha kranta | Prabhava | Paranugraha shaktidam | Iiim | Anudatta | Prajapati atmaka | Uttara | Vishnu pada sidhyarthe |
22.Cho | Cho | Mriga | Kubera | Suvah | Dughda | Buddhi | Padma shobha | Mahakrantam | Vritma | Tejasa atishayadam | Tam | Anudatta | Sarva devatmaka | Dakshina | Rudra pada praptyarthe |
23.Da | Da | Agasthya | Ashvini | Bhorbhuvah | Surya | Chitta | Padma roopa | Mudgaram | Nidhyamana | Svargadam | THam | Udatta | Rudra atmaka | Purva mukham | brahmapada |
24.Yaat | Yaat | Vishvamitra | Brahma | Gayatri | Champaka | Ahankara vyapti | Braahmi | Pallava | Niranjana | Svargaloka | Vam Jam Sam Ham | Udatta | Brahma atmaka | Oordhva | Brahma Vishnu Rudra |
To illustrate the table’s use, a few examples of the mantra stubs are in order.
1.Tat kaarasya Vashishta rishih Agni devata Gayathri chandah champaka varnam prithvi tatvam prahladini shaktih sumukham mudra tapani kala mokshadam phalam aam beejam udaatta svaram trimurthyatmaka svarupam paadangushta sthaanam agnaana doshahara siddhir viniyogah||
23.Da kaarasya Agasthya rishih Ashvini devata Bhurbhuvah chandah Surya varnam chitta tatvam padmaroopa shaktih mudgaram mudra nidhyamana kala svargadam phalam tham beejam udatta svaram rudratmaka svarupam purvatmaka sthaanam brahmapada siddhir viniyogah||
24.Yaat kaarasya Vishvamitra rishih Brahma devata Gayathri chandah Champaka varnam Akankara vyapthi tatvam Braahmi shaktih pallava mudra niranjana kala svargalokadam phalam Vam Jam Sam Ham beejam udatta svaram brahmaatmaka svarupam oordhva sthaanam brahmavishnu rudra pada siddhir viniyogah||
We belong to Agasthya gotra. A lot of you already know the various instances in our puranas where Sage Agasthya was mentioned. I was curious to know more about the relevance of Sage Agasthya with regard to Gayathri maha mantra. The above segment must have given enough indication to all about the contribution this great rishi in this regard.
During last year’s visit, we had an opportunity to visit Kalasa, Horanaadu, Dharmasthala, Udipi and Kolluru along with the relaxing vacation in Sringeri. When we breezed through the parikrama of Sri Kalasheswara temple in Kalasa, we came across a large sequence of paintings depicting Sage Agasthya’s involvement in purana incidents. I hope to learn more about all the rishis associated with Gayathri mahamantra and document them in coming years.
I would like to end this post, with pranams to my dear father, who passed away 10 years ago, on this day according to hindu panchanga. Every passing year, we miss his guidance, in all aspects of our life. His memories continue to guide us in our day to day life.
I also hope this post provides solace to all in these trying times when the world is reeling from the pandemic and other natural – man made disasters. You all take care and stay safe…